The characteristic of the Practical learning in Later Chosun dynasty



 The Silhak(Practical Learning) of the Chosun Dynasty is marked by the 
following characteristics.
 1. The original meaning of 'Sil' in 'Silhak'(practical learning) is
the same in mainstream Confucianism. Confucianists called themselves 
'Silhak', as opposed to 'heahak'(non-practical learning) in Buddhism  
and Taoism.
 2. This new concept of Silhak appeared in the Later Chosun dynasty. The 
adherents criticized the Chutzu doctrine opposed to practical learning 
and became an inactivity one. But conservative confucianists attacked 
and oppressed the early Silhak scholars.
 3. Silhak scholars insisted in the rediscovery of original 
confucianism. In order to overcome the contradictions and 
irrationalities of their time, the only way was recover the original 
idea that cultivates one's moral culture and manage one's society.
 4. They were interested in the science and technology concerning 
agriculture,business and industry.  They also respected labour and 
technology that was then seen with contempt.
 5. They criticized the various social contradictions and urged 
enlightenment for all people. Opposing the old land system, they 
suggested new ideas. Instead of denying human desires and an emphasis on 
the importance of economy, they tried to overcome feudalistic 
contradiction and established democratic rationalism.
   Silhak in later Chosun dynasty extended the view of world exuviate
from Chinese old system,and  established an independent Korean system.